Nyob rau saum npoo, tsim cov peptide bonds, yielding dipeptides, yog cov txheej txheem tshuaj yooj yim.Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ob lub ntsiab lus amino acid txuas nrog peptide daim ntawv cog lus, ib daim ntawv cog lus amide, thaum lub cev qhuav dej.
Peptide daim ntawv cog lus yog ua kom muaj cov amino acid nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv me me.(A) carboxyl moiety, thib ob amino acid (B) Lub nucleophilic activated carboxyl moiety ces tsim cov dipeptide (AB)."Yog hais tias cov carboxyl tivthaiv (A) tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, kev tsim ntawm peptide daim ntawv cog lus yuav tswj tsis tau."Cov khoom lag luam xws li linear thiab cyclic peptides tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov hom phiaj AB.Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tsis koom nrog kev tsim peptide daim ntawv cog lus yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv ib ntus thim rov qab thaum lub sij hawm peptide synthesis.
Yog li, peptide synthesis - tsim ntawm txhua daim ntawv cog lus peptide - suav nrog peb kauj ruam ntawm kev sib sau.
Thawj kauj ruam yog npaj qee cov amino acids uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv, thiab cov qauv zwitterionic ntawm cov amino acids tsis muaj lawm.
Qhov thib ob kauj ruam yog ob kauj ruam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los tsim peptide daim ntawv cog lus, nyob rau hauv uas cov carboxyl pawg ntawm N-tiv thaiv amino acid yog thawj activated rau lub active intermediate thiab ces cov peptide daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim.Qhov kev sib txuas ua ke no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho kev tshwm sim ib-kauj ruam lossis ob qhov kev tshwm sim ua ntu zus.
Qhov thib peb kauj ruam yog kev xaiv tshem tawm lossis ua tiav tshem tawm ntawm lub hauv paus tiv thaiv.Txawm hais tias txhua qhov kev tshem tawm tsuas yog tshwm sim tom qab tag nrho cov saw peptide tau sib sau ua ke, kev xaiv tshem tawm ntawm pawg tiv thaiv kuj tseem yuav tsum tau txhawm rau txhawm rau txuas ntxiv peptide synthesis.
Vim tias 10 amino acids (Ser, Thr, Tyr, Asp, Glu, Lys, Arg, Nws, Sec thiab Cys) muaj cov pab pawg sab nrauv, uas yuav tsum tau xaiv kev tiv thaiv, ua rau peptide synthesis nyuaj.Lub hauv paus tiv thaiv ib ntus thiab ib nrab mus tas li yuav tsum tau paub qhov txawv vim qhov kev xav tau sib txawv rau kev xaiv.Cov pab pawg tiv thaiv ib ntus yog siv rau hauv cov kauj ruam tom ntej los cuam tshuam txog kev tiv thaiv ib ntus ntawm cov amino acid lossis carboxyl functional pawg.Cov pab pawg tiv thaiv ib nrab raug tshem tawm yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog peptide bonds lossis amino acid sab chains, qee zaum thaum lub sijhawm sib xyaw.
"Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, kev ua kom cov carboxyl tivthaiv thiab tom qab tsim cov peptide bonds (coupling tshua) yuav tsum tau ceev, tsis muaj haiv neeg los yog los ntawm cov khoom tsim, thiab molar reactants yuav tsum tau siv kom ua tau zoo yields."Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj ib txoj hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj ua kom txaus siab rau cov kev cai no, thiab qee qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv tswv yim.
Thaum lub sij hawm peptide synthesis, cov pab pawg ua haujlwm koom nrog ntau yam kev cuam tshuam feem ntau yog txuas nrog lub chaw qhia ntawv, glycine tsuas yog kev zam, thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib hloov.
Cov kauj ruam kawg hauv lub voj voog peptide synthesis yog tshem tawm tag nrho cov pab pawg tiv thaiv.Kev xaiv tshem tawm cov pab pawg tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau peptide saw txuas ntxiv rau qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav kev tshem tawm ntawm kev tiv thaiv hauv dipeptide synthesis.Cov tswv yim hluavtaws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj.Nyob ntawm qhov kev xaiv zoo, N tuaj yeem xaiv tshem tawm α-amino lossis carboxyl tiv thaiv pawg.Lo lus "kev tawm tswv yim" yog hais txog qhov ua ntu zus ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tus kheej cov amino acids.Feem ntau, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm gradual synthesis thiab fragment condensation.Peptide synthesis (tseem hu ua "conventional synthesis") tshwm sim hauv kev daws teeb meem.Feem ntau, maj mam lengthening ntawm peptide saw yuav tsuas yog synthesized los ntawm kev siv cov peptide saw los ua ke luv luv fragments.Txhawm rau ua kom cov peptides ntev dua, lub hom phiaj molecules yuav tsum tau muab faib ua cov seem tsim nyog thiab txiav txim siab tias lawv tuaj yeem txo qis qhov sib txawv ntawm C terminus.Tom qab tus neeg tawg paj tau maj mam sib sau ua ke, lub hom phiaj sib txuas yuav raug koom ua ke.Lub tswv yim ntawm peptide synthesis suav nrog kev xaiv cov khoom tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws thiab tsim nyog tshaj plaws, thiab lub tswv yim ntawm peptide synthesis suav nrog kev xaiv ntawm kev sib xyaw tsim nyog tshaj plaws ntawm kev tiv thaiv hauv paus thiab txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom tawg.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-19-2023