Txoj kev ntawm extraction
Hauv xyoo 1950 thiab 1960, ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb, suav nrog Tuam Tshoj, feem ntau tau rho tawm peptides los ntawm cov tsiaj hauv nruab nrog cev.Piv txwv li, kev txhaj tshuaj thymosin yog npaj los ntawm kev tua tus menyuam mos calf, tshem nws cov thymus, thiab tom qab ntawd siv oscillating cais biotechnology cais peptides ntawm calf thymus.Qhov no thymosin tau dav siv los tswj thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv tib neeg.
Ntuj bioactive peptides tau nthuav dav.Muaj ntau bioactive peptides nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj, nroj tsuag thiab Marine kab mob nyob rau hauv cov xwm, uas ua si ib tug ntau yam ntawm physiological functions thiab tswj lub neej li qub.Cov natural bioactive peptides muaj xws li cov metabolites theem nrab ntawm cov kab mob xws li tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov tshuaj hormones, nrog rau bioactive peptides muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntaub so ntswg.
Tam sim no, ntau yam bioactive peptides tau raug cais tawm ntawm tib neeg, tsiaj txhu, nroj tsuag, microbial thiab Marine kab mob.Txawm li cas los xij, bioactive peptides feem ntau pom muaj tsawg hauv cov kab mob, thiab cov txheej txheem tam sim no rau kev cais thiab ntxuav cov bioactive peptides los ntawm cov kab mob ntuj tsis zoo tag nrho, nrog cov nqi siab thiab qis bioactivity.
Cov kev siv feem ntau rau peptide extraction thiab kev sib cais muaj xws li salting tawm, ultrafiltration, gel filtration, isoelectric point nag lossis daus, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, adsorption chromatography, gel electrophoresis, thiab lwm yam.
Acid-base method
Acid thiab alkali hydrolysis feem ntau yog siv hauv cov chaw sim, tab sis tsis tshua muaj siv hauv kev xyaum ua.Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm alkaline hydrolysis ntawm cov protein, feem ntau cov amino acids xws li serine thiab threonine raug rhuav tshem, racemization tshwm sim, thiab ntau cov as-ham poob lawm.Yog li ntawd, txoj kev no yog tsis tshua muaj siv nyob rau hauv ntau lawm.Acid hydrolysis ntawm cov protein tsis ua rau racemization ntawm amino acids, hydrolysis sai thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav.Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov tsis zoo yog cov thev naus laus zis nyuaj, tswj tsis tau yooj yim thiab muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig hnyav.Qhov hnyav molecular faib ntawm peptides tsis sib npaug thiab tsis ruaj khov, thiab lawv cov haujlwm physiological nyuaj los txiav txim siab.
Enzymatic hydrolysis
Feem ntau bioactive peptides pom nyob rau hauv cov saw ntev ntawm cov proteins nyob rau hauv lub xeev inactive.Thaum hydrolyzed los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb protease, lawv active peptide yog tso tawm los ntawm cov amino sequence ntawm cov protein.Enzymatic extraction ntawm bioactive peptides los ntawm cov tsiaj, nroj tsuag thiab Marine kab mob yog ib tug kev tshawb fawb tsom nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no.
Enzymatic hydrolysis ntawm bioactive peptides yog xaiv cov proteases uas tsim nyog, siv cov proteins li substrates thiab hydrolyzing proteins kom tau txais ntau cov bioactive peptides nrog ntau yam kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev.Hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, qhov kub thiab txias, PH tus nqi, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb muaj feem xyuam nrog cov nyhuv enzymatic hydrolysis ntawm me me peptides, thiab qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm enzyme.Vim yog cov enzymes sib txawv siv rau enzymatic hydrolysis, xaiv thiab tsim cov enzymes, thiab cov protein ntau sib txawv, cov txiaj ntsig peptides sib txawv heev hauv huab hwm coj, molecular hnyav faib, thiab amino acid muaj pes tsawg leeg.Ib tug feem ntau xaiv tsiaj proteases, xws li pepsin thiab trypsin, thiab cog proteases, xws li bromelain thiab papain.Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntsha enzyme, ntau thiab ntau cov enzymes yuav raug tshawb pom thiab siv.Enzymatic hydrolysis tau siv dav hauv kev npaj ntawm bioactive peptides vim nws cov cuab yeej paub tab thiab kev nqis peev tsawg.
Post lub sij hawm: May-30-2023